The Pill
Some birth control pills contain 2 hormones—estrogen and progestin—while others only have 1 hormone (progestin). The hormone in the pill works by keeping the ovaries from releasing eggs.
Patch
Thin, square, plastic patch that you stick on your stomach, buttocks, or upper body. It releases hormones (estrogen and progestin) that keep the ovaries from releasing eggs and also thickens the cervical mucus so sperm can’t get through.
Diaphragm
Shallow, dome-shaped, latex or silicone cup that you put inside the vagina to cover the cervix and keep sperm out of the uterus. Must be fitted by a healthcare provider for correct sizing.
Spermicide/Jelly
Contains chemicals that slow sperm down so they can’t reach an egg. It can be used on its own, but better to pair it with another barrier method, like a condom, for STD prevention.
Intrauterine Device (IUD)
A T-shaped device that gets put in your uterus by your healthcare provider. There are 2 types: copper IUDs and hormonal IUDs (which release progestin). Both types may work by affecting the way sperm move to keep them from joining an egg. Hormonal IUDs also change the lining of the uterus.
Male Condom
Thin latex or non-latex covering that slips over the penis and keeps sperm from entering the vagina. Helps protect against STDs, too.
Female Condom
Works like a male condom, except that it’s worn on the inside of your vagina.
Vaginal Ring
Small, flexible ring that’s inserted into the vagina. It releases hormones (estrogen and progestin) that keep the ovaries from releasing eggs and also thickens the cervical mucus so sperm can’t easily pass through.
Shot (Injection)
Shot that releases the hormone progestin into the body. The progestin in the shot works by keeping the ovaries from releasing eggs and also thickens the cervical mucus so sperm can’t easily pass through it.
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